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PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
Monel 400 is a nickel-copper alloy (about 67% Ni - 23% Cu) that is resistant to sea water and steam at high temperatures as well as to salt and caustic solutions. Monel 400 is a solid solution alloy that can only be hardened by cold working. This nickel alloy exhibits characteristics like good corrosion resistance, good weldability and high strength. A low corrosion rate in rapidly flowing brackish or seawater combined with excellent resistance to stress-corrosion cracking in most freshwaters, and its resistance to a variety of corrosive conditions led to its wide use in marine applications and other non-oxidizing chloride solutions.
Other Designations
Some of the other designations that are used to denote MONEL 400 alloy are as below:
- AMS 4574
- AMS 4675
- AMS 4731
- ASTM B163
- ASTM B165
- ASTM F96
- UNS N04400
Monel 400Applications
- Marine engineering
- Chemical and hydrocarbon processing equipment
- Gasoline and freshwater tanks
- Crude petroleum stills
- De-aerating heaters
- Boiler feed water heaters and other heat exchangers
- Valves, pumps, shafts, fittings, and fasteners
- Industrial heat exchangers
- Chlorinated solvents
- Crude oil distillation towers
Monel 400 Chemical Composition
The chemical composition of MONEL 400 alloy is given in the following table.
Monel 400 Physical Properties
The following table discusses the physical properties of MONEL 400 alloy.
Monel 400 Mechanical Properties
The mechanical properties of MONEL 400 alloy are tabulated below.
Typical Mechanical Properties
Alloy 400 (UNS N04400) is available in Bar (Round), Tube, Flat Bar, Wire, Billet, Sheet, Plate, Pipe, Forgings. View Stock List, Plate Stock List or contact Sales for further availability.
Monel 400 Main Characteristics
- Resistant to seawater and steam at high temperatures
- Excellent resistance to rapidly flowing brackish water or seawater
- Excellent resistance to stress corrosion cracking in most freshwaters
- Particularly resistant to hydrochloric and hydrofluoric acids when they are de-aerated
- Offers some resistance to hydrochloric and sulfuric acids at modest temperatures and concentrations, but is seldom the material of choice for these acids
- Excellent resistance to neutral and alkaline salt
- Resistance to chloride induced stress corrosion cracking
- Good mechanical properties from sub-zero temperatures up to 1020° F
- High resistance to alkalis
Fabrication
Machinability
The machinability of MONEL 400 is difficult as it work-hardens during machining. The conventional machining techniques used on iron alloys may be used for this alloy.
Welding
Welding methods including gas-arc welding, metal-arc welding, gas-metal-arc welding and submerged-arc welding are recommended on this alloy.
Forging
Forging of this alloy is to be done by controlled procedures.
Hot working
Hot working on this alloy needs to be done by choosing proper temperatures. Typical temperatures for hot working range between 648-1176°C (1200-2150°F).
Cold working
Cold working may be done using soft die materials for better finishing.
Annealing
MONEL 400 alloy may be annealed at 926°C (1700°F).
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